Pecinta otomotif wajib merapat! Pada artikel berikut ini adalah informasi mengeani istilah TMA dan TMB pada piston yang tidak boleh kamu lewatkan. Simak ulasan lengkapnya di bawah ini agar tidak ketinggalan informasi pentingnya!
Bagi pencinta otomotif pasti sudah tidak asing dengan piston motor. Piston atau sering disebut seher sendiri adalah salah satu komponen terpenting pada mesin kendaraan bermotor. Komponen tersebut memiliki fungsi untuk mengatur volume silinder sehingga sangat berpengaruh terhadap performa motor.
Untuk cara kerjanya sendiri, piston begerak secara naik turun di dalam silinder berongga untuk menghasilkan energi kinetik. Energi yang dihasilkan tersebut akan kembali diolah oleh noken-as beserta klep motor sehingga menghasilkan tenaga mesin.
Istilah pada piston sendiri ada berbagai macam, termasuk TMA dan TMB. Namun, masih banyak pemula yang tidak mengetahui makna dari istilah tersebut. Oleh sebab itu, baca artikel ini sampai habis untuk mengetahuinya!
Arti TMA dan TMB Piston
Dilansir dari berbagai sumber, TMA atau kepanjangan dari Titik Mati Atas adalah titik maksimal piston pada posisi teratas. Sedangkan TMB atau kepanjangan dari Titik Mati Bawah adalah titik maksimal piston pada posisi paling bawah. Jarak piston dari posisi TMA menuju ke TMB dinamakan dengan panjang langkah piston atau piston stroke.
Cara Kerja Piston
Untuk menambah informasi, berikut ini adalah cara kerja piston yang harus kamu ketahui:
- Langkah pemasukan (Langkah hisap)
Piston bergerak dari titik mati atas (TMA) yaitu titik tertinggi piston ke titik mati bawah (TMB) yaitu titik terendah piston. Saat piston bergerak dari TMA ke TMB, katup atau valve masuk membuka dan katup buang menutup. Akibat gerakan turun piston, sejumlah gas bensin terisap masuk ke dalam ruang silinder melalui saluran katup masuk.
- Langkah kompresi
Saat piston bergerak naik dari TMB ke TMA. Katup masuk dan katup buang sekarang sama-sama tertutup. Akibat gerakan piston naik, gas bensin dalam silinder dimampatkan (dikompresi) sehingga suhunya jadi tinggi.
- Langkah usaha (Ekspansi)
Saat posisi piston hampir mencapai TMA. Saat ini busi menyala dan memercikkan bunga api listrik. Gas bensin yang sudah dimampatkan akan terbakar atau meledak. Ledakan tersebut menghasilkan tenaga yang kemudian mendorong piston bergerak lagi dari TMA ke TMB.
- Langkah pembuangan
Saat piston bergerak lagi dari TMB ke TMA. Katup buang sekarang membuka dan katup masuk masih menutup. Akibat gerakan piston ke atas, gas bekas pembakaran di langkah usaha tertekan keluar melalui saluran katup buang kemudian ke knalpot.
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