Translated by agus brata
THE SUMMARY: Aesthetics Fine Art Research of Pita Maha Style
by
I Dewa Made Pastika
Indonesian Institute of the Arts (ISI) Denpasar
2009
Aesthetics Fine Art Research of Pita Maha Style
Fine art of Pita Maha style is one of fine art style, which arises and develops in Ubud village since established one of painters group named Pita Maha then spread to other place in Bali. It was a collaboration of fine art that basically in classic traditional and had influenced by western fine art, which have been motif and unique style and it is still continuing with their generation until now famously called Ubud fine art style.
Balinese fine arts is developing because of positive and negative influence from domestic and international so it would many renewal in idea, concept and its making technique. The renewal of idea is from Balinese puppet story been changing to activities such as ceremony in temple, dance performance, activities in rice field etc and technique renewal is in anatomy proportion, perspective, glittery shadow and colour. Fine art of Pita Maha style right now is still collecting by Puri Lukisan Ratna Warta Museum in Ubud and up to present has collecting of 227 paintings and 105 sculptures.
The development of science and technology stimulus for artists creativities on create new works and build their criticism. The development of Balinese fine art right now had influenced of old maestro who had studied with western painters like Walter Spies and Rudolf Bonnet, as the pioneer of Pita Maha group. On facing this influenced, the artist had autonomous and high tolerance and it influenced of their work changing, and renewal with improving work quality.
Pita Maha fine art existential is known by its characteristic, paint technique, material, tools and aesthetics value, it is way, the subject for the research is only original paintings made by member painters of Pita Maha, then after choose 10 represent paintings as sample. Those Painting works were divided into 5 groups;
(a) First is a painting group with Balinese puppet story and none of another influence,
(b) Second is painting of Balinese puppet, which had renewal on composition and Balinese puppet styles,
(c) Third is renewal painting of many daily activities themes,
(d) Fourth is painting with renewal themes, anatomy proportion and glittery shadow and,
(e) The last is painting that has fully renewal transform, i.e theme, colour, glittery shadow and anatomy proportion.
All the paintings were analyzed and examined basically by composing principles that is
unity, conspicuousness, and balancing as the basic of principle composition, which made
aesthetics of painting with used elements of line, object, colour and texture.
Examine result was indicating that generally line element is dominant when choose object of Pita Maha painting because the line is authentic aspect in fine art and the line is economy in art too. Line can be bold and thin, line as contour, which have same dimension can create unity on Balinese puppet painting and the bold and the thin in painting that stressing by glittery shadow. Contour can indicate conspicuousness on shine sector with use thin line and bold line on shadow sector. The same line element creates balance on sectors in the entire object.
On colouring, which basically by gradation of black and white, appear unity of colour among one colour with others and it will be impressed dark, which is not too striking, because its have same of basic colour. Dark impression is very depending of black and white gradation and every painter has different way to stress it. On one hand, some painters are likely to use thick ink and on the others hand some of them are more likely to use soft ink, both are depend on their characters. This technique is indication of special characteristic of Balinese in generally and Pita Maha style in specific. The colour conspicuousness is shown by placing colour in more important object with high insanitation. Colour application with illumination technique by mixing of white and yellow, which gives shine impression pressure and make unity impression that arouse aesthetics feeling because of harmony expression in the merger of dark and light. The balancing of colouring application with using its colour in spread evenly and have balance impression on part of the object and at all.
Texture application on Balinese fine art generally and Pita Maha fine art specially have appearance texture, this area is looking rough but smooth substantively. Texture appears from application of dark light technique, which differently part in below by uses darker and above uses lighter colour, so it has separated impression and different although beneath it is flat and same. In Fine art of Pita Maha style is not specially to create a texture like the other fine art styles.
Key word: work, Pita Maha, Balinese puppet, renewal.
