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Kekawin Mahabarata ” Wirataparwa “

Wirataparwa adalah bagian keempat dari epos Mahabarata. Menceritakan kisah ketika para Pandawa harus bersembunyi selama setahun lagi dengan menyamar tanpa ketahuan, setelah mereka dibuang selama dua belas tahun di hutan gara-gara kalah berjudi dengan Korawa. Kisah pembuangan di hutan ini diceritakan dalam bagian Wanaparwa.

Maka para Pandawa bersembunyi di kerajaan Wirata. Jika mereka ketahuan, maka harus dibuang selama 12 tahun lagi. Di Wirata Yudistira menyamar sebagai seorang brahmana bernama Kangka. Bima menyamar sebagai seorang juru masak dan pegulat bernama Balawa. Lalu Arjuna menyamar sebagai seorang wandu yang mengajar tari dan nyanyi bernama Wrahanala. Nakula menjadi seorang penggembala kuda bernama Grantika dan Sadewa menjadi penggembala sapi bernama Tantipala. Dropadi menjadi seorang perias bernama Sarindri, melayani ratu Sudesna.

Alkisah patih Wirata, Kicaka jatuh cinta kepada Sarindri dan ingin menikahinya. Tetapi ia ditolak dan memaksa. Lalu Balawa membunuhnya. Hal ini hampir saja membuat samaran mereka ketahuan.

Kematian Kicaka didengar oleh raja Susarma dari Trigarta yang kemudian datang membujuk para Korawa menyerbu Wirata yang dalam keadaan sangat lemah. Lalu negeri Wirata diserang para Korawa dari Astina. Para Pandawa ikut berperang membela Wirata. Serangan Korawa gagal, mereka kalah oleh orang-orang yang tidak dikenal dan membuat mereka curiga. Setelah perang usai, kedok Pandawa terbuka. Tetapi mereka sudah bersembunyi genap selama setahun, jadi tidak apa-apa. Wirataparwa diakhiri dengan kisah perkawinan Abimanyu, anak Arjuna, dengan Utari, puteri raja Wirata.

Dalam kitab Wirataparwa disebutkan bahwa

“… prasamanggwal bheri mrdangga, ajimur arok silih-wor ikang prang …”

artinya

“…sama-sama memikul bheri mrdangga, bercampur saling berbaur mereka yang   berperang…”

Mungkin yang di maksud bunyi gong bheri berfungsi sebagai pertanda mulainya peperangan. Suasana dalam kekawin ini merupakan suasana perang kedua belah pihak ada yang memakai gong bheri dan memakai merdangga yang berfungi sebagai mamulai peperangan. Jadi dapat saya simpulkan bahwa fungsi gong bheri yang bentuk secara fisiknya bulat namun tidak bermoncol seperti gong yang biasanya yang termasuk golongan chordophone yang berfungsi sebagai penyemangat atau membuat suasana gemuruh pada saat perang sedangkan merdangga merupakan golongan membranophone yang fungsinya sama seperti gong bheri.

Sumber:

http://www.history-ofculture.com/2011/11/cultural-artifacts-in-gamelan-musical.html

~ by budisetiawan on .

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